Faculty Sponsor

Hannah White

Final Abstract for URS Program

Eye-tracking technology has transformed psychological research by providing a non-invasive, real-time window into attention, perception, and cognitive processing (Ahlstrom & Friedman-Berg, 2006). Fixation duration—defined as the length of time the gaze remains stable between saccades—has been continually utilized as a key biomarker of cognitive function, providing measurable insights into variant populations and their stage of cognitive development (Negi & Mitra, 2020). This ongoing systematic review synthesizes research examining fixation duration in relation to constructs such as attentional control, working memory, processing efficiency, and effortful or inhibitory control. The current review aims to answer whether longer fixation durations equate to better or worse cognitive outcome. Studies were included if they (1) utilized empirical methodologies with eye-tracking data (2) included fixation duration as a reported biomarker, and (3) examined a single aspect of cognitive function. Data extraction was compiled categorically to allow for comparison. Across 48 studies, fixation duration varied systematically with developmental stages, cognitive profiles, and stimulus type (static vs. dynamic). Studied patterns suggest a parabolic curve across the lifespan, with developing children and healthy, older adults consistently showing longer fixations than young adults. Clinical populations frequently demonstrated altered fixation durations, reflecting atypical cognitive processing and reinforcing the potential utility of fixation duration as an index of cognitive processing. These general findings highlight that while fixation duration serves as a meaningful indicator of cognitive function, its interpretation is highly sensitive to methodological variations, requiring further review to advocate for definitive standardization.

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Visual Presentation

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