Document Type

Dissertation

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy

Major

Education, Educational Leadership & Policy Studies

Date of Defense

4-2-2026

Graduate Advisor

Thomasina Hassler

Committee

Terrence Freeman

Keith Miller

Thomas Hoerr

Abstract

Abstract

            This study explored Percy Green’s efforts against systemic racism, his innovative protest tactics, leadership qualities and principles, and his lasting impact within the Black Freedom Movement in St. Louis, Missouri, throughout the 1960s and 1970s. A qualitative single-case approach was utilized, analyzing archival records, interviews, a documentary about Green’s activism, newspaper articles, and Green’s own documentation of his work in the movement—all examined through thematic analysis. This process revealed key themes related to Green’s activism. The findings showed that Green employed non-violent, creative, and provocative protest tactics, including civil disobedience and direct action. These strategies revealed hidden racial inequalities, increased public awareness, and held racist systems accountable. Additionally, the study highlighted his leadership qualities characterized by bravery, defiance, and empowerment, which inspired community members to collaborate and enhance the movement's effectiveness. The study also showed that Green’s strategies continue to influence current social justice leaders and community members. Overall, this research demonstrated how Green’s activism and leadership exposed the persistent nature of racial injustice and revealed the challenges faced by Black Freedom movement leaders when confronting deeply entrenched racist systems. Framed within Critical Race Theory’s Permanence of Racism tenet, as well as Tactical Innovation and Socio-Political Vanguard Leadership Theories, the findings offered a deeper understanding of activism and leadership while affirming the lasting influence of Green’s work in present-day contexts

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